|
Mines - Dunwell Mines
Dunwell Mines includes
32 Crown-granted claims (Dunwell, Lot 4286; Ben Hur (Silver Arrow Lot
870; George E, Lot 872, etc.) on Glacier Creek about 4 miles north of Stewart.
Dunwell Mines Ltd. was incorporated in 1922 as a reorganization of Nass River
Lands which was incorporated in 1913, included the showings originally
staked by
the
Stewart brothers and W. Noble, of Stewart.
Early exploration was
carried out on these claims by the Stewart Mining and Development Co. Ltd.,
which was absorbed into the Dunwell Mines Ltd. holdings. The first actual surface
exploration in this section was performed by the original placer
miners who set up sluiceways on the terrace gravels above the canyon of Glacier
Creek.
Some of these benches are still
visible from the air. In 1926 a 100-ton mill was constructed at the outlet of the
canyon and an aerial tram about 1 mile long was built to connect the mill with the
main adit at elevation 1,250 feet. The mine and mill operated for part of 1927 and
shut down the same year for want of ore reserves.
Since closing, the property has been
explored by a variety of groups and leased for hand-mining off and on from l932 to l941.
The current operators Silver Arrow Explorations Ltd., have been
actively examining the property since 1964.
The mineral deposit has been
developed by four adits, all of which are accessible from the old camp area, which
is now easily reached by a tote-road which connects to the Bear River road at
the British Columbia Department of Highways gravel pit. Some of the camp
buildings still stand, but the mill and storage bins have been undercut and caved by the
rerouted Glacier Creek.
Dunwell mine production was slightly
in excess of 50,000 tons of ore, which contained significant gold, silver,
lead, and zinc. Almost all of this tonnage came from oreshoots in the
" 23 " vein, one of several similar fissure veins found on the property. Surface
exposures and trenches indicate that the vein system extends from the George E at Glacier
Creek, north through Dunwell to the Sun-beam and Victoria showings. Past and
recent efforts to prove the continuity of single veins by trenching and
diamond drilling have been inconclusive, partly because of the heavy timber and overburden
and partly because of the highly fractured nature of the country rocks.
Fissure veins in this area are found
along what has been called the Portland Canal Fissure, a zone of faulting
and fracturing apparently confined to graphitic Bowser siltstones, which uncomfortably overlie Hazelton conglomerates and
breccias, and have been intruded by the
Bitter Creek augite diorite porphyry, the Portland Canal, and lamprophyre dyke
swarms. The rocks in the mine area are predominantly thin-bedded grey to black
siltstones, greywackes, and minor intercalated quartzites.
Outcrop in the Dunwell area is largely confined to gullies, a few
road or trail cuts, and trenched sections, and the mine workings present the greatest
continuous exposures.
Evidence of fold complexity is
abundant and the confused nature of the structures is apparent along Glacier
Creek. South of the creek a number of exposures of Glacier Creek augite porphyry
have been mapped, indicating a probably larger mass at shallow depth plunging north
under the Dunwell structures. One tongue of this pluton crudely parallels the
fissure zone north of Glacier Creek just east of the mine. Contacts between the
porphyry and the siltstones are marked by a
narrow, bleached pyritic zone and by
post-intrusive shear zones. The massive core of the Portland Canal dyke swarm cuts
northwesterly across the country north of the mine, limiting any possible
northerly continuation of Dunwell-type veins.
A comparison of the
properties will show that the Dunwell and other vein deposits in this sector
are largely confined to a small area of Bowser rocks isolated by Hazelton members on the
west and elsewhere by plutons.
Mineralization on the Dunwell and
adjacent George E, Sunbeam, and Victoria properties appears to comprise
simple quartz-calcite breccia fissure veins in which isolated pods or lenses of sulphides
have been localized. Slightly altered, angular, country rock siltstone fragments
form a large part of the vein material, and open vugs are typical. Disseminated or
replacement-type mineralization has not been encountered in the Glacier Creek
sector so far as known. Sulphide minerals found in the main 23 vein at the DunweH
included galena, dark-brown sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, as well as minor
tetrahedrite, rare argentite, and ruby silver.
Native silver and, reportedly, electrum
were identified in some high-grade material. Within the veins the sulphides are present
as thin, fine-grained streaks and as irregular medium- to coarse-grained masses.
Oreshoots have been localized within
dilatant or wide vein zones, coinciding roughly with vein flexures which
appear to mark the loci of intersection of the two main fracture sets. The main
oreshoot, apparently localized at structural intersections, was been diagrammatically.
Apart from the Dunwell, other veins
in the same environment have been generary unproductive. It is possible
that attention to small features such as the vein flexure illustrated here will aid in
furthering exploration and development on the Dunwell and
other veins in the
Glacier Creek section.
|